70255 Ionization cooling, a method for shrinking the size of a particle beam, is an essential technique for future particle accelerators that use muons. In particular, future muon colliders and neutrino factories will require high voltage radio frequency (RF) cavities for ionization cooling.… More

70408B02-II Highly segmented, position-sensitive, germanium detector systems are being developed for nuclear physics research where traditional electronic processing with mixed analog and digital function blocks would be enormously complex and costly. Future systems will be constructed using… More

72762B03-I In the generation of inertial fusion energy (IFE), ion bombardment of the chamber wall armor can result in ion accumulation, namely He, in the armor material, leading to fracture and failure of the armor. This is of particular concern for tungsten armor, in which helium migration is… More

72180B03-I Future energy-frontier accelerators depend on the development of robust and affordable techniques to quickly reduce the size of a muon beam. Although schemes exist for reducing horizontal and vertical muon beam dimensions, there are no satisfactory engineering solutions for quickly… More

72180-Future energy-frontier accelerators depend on the development of robust and affordable techniques to quickly reduce the size of a muon beam. Although schemes exist to reduce horizontal and vertical muon beam dimensions, no satisfactory solution exists to quickly shrink the beam bunch length… More

75496-If the case for a muon collider as the next energy frontier machine can be made compelling, it becomes a candidate to be added to other options for the High Energy Physics community. However, the proton drivers used to produce the required muon intensity are expensive and difficult, and the… More

75498-Ionization cooling, a method for shrinking the size of a particle beam, is an essential technique for future particle accelerators that use muons. Muon colliders and neutrino factories, examples of these future accelerators, depend on the development of robust and affordable techniques for… More

75497-Ionization cooling, a method for shrinking the size of a muon beam, is needed for muon colliders and neutrino factories, two options for future High Energy Physics facilities. Hydrogen is needed in these applications for several reasons, but a safe and efficient containment cryostat is a… More

75496B Muon collider luminosity depends on the number of muons in the storage ring and on the transverse size of the beams in collision. As presently envisioned, large muon intensities will be required, due to limitations with ionization cooling, the intended method for cooling the beam. However,… More

79264 In the proposed muon collider, luminosity depends on the number of muons in the storage ring and on the transverse size of the beams in collision. However, an adequate luminosity requires large muon intensities because, as presently envisioned, the method to cool the beam, ionization cooling,… More

Bright muon beams are required for muon colliders, neutrino factories, and intense muon sources. To create the beams, high energy protons hit a target to generate pions that decay into a diffuse cloud of muons. The muon cloud is then: (1) captured in strong magnetic fields, (2) bunched, (3)… More

Muon collider luminosity depends on the number of muons in the storage ring and on the transverse size of the beams in collision. As currently envisioned, adequate luminosity cannot be provided without large muon intensities, due to insufficient ionization cooling of the beam. Unfortunately, the… More

Most computer programs that calculate the trajectories of particles in an accelerator assume that the particles travel in an evacuated chamber. This assumption does not work for muon beams (needed for muon colliders and neutrino factories), which usually are required to pass through matter. … More

Physics experiments often use low-energy beams of unstable particles that stop in a target, in order to provide high sensitivity to rare processes while reducing backgrounds. However, the stopping rate in the target is limited by the kinematics of the production process and by multiple scattering… More

Within Nuclear Physics research, new developments in the design of fixed-field alternating gradient (FFAG) synchrotrons have sparked interest in their use as rapid-cycling, high intensity accelerators of ions, protons, muons, and electrons. In order to provide the required acceleration in FFAG… More

The Helical Cooling Channel (HCC), a new technique for six-dimensional (6D) cooling of muon beams, has shown considerable promise based on analytic and simulation studies. The implementation of this revolutionary method of muon cooling, using a continuous absorber inside superconducting magnets,… More

Most computer programs that calculate the trajectories of particles in an accelerator assume that the particles travel in an evacuated chamber. This assumption does not work for muon beams (needed for muon colliders and neutrino factories), which usually are required to pass through matter. … More

Many present and future particle accelerators are limited by the maximum electric gradient and peak surface fields that can be realized in RF cavities. Despite considerable effort, a comprehensive theory of RF breakdown has not been achieved and mitigation techniques to improve practical maximum… More

Neutrino Factories and Muon Colliders require the rapid acceleration of short-lived muons to multi-GeV and TeV energies. A Recirculating Linear Accelerator (RLA) that uses International Linear Collider (ILC) RF structures can provide the exceptionally fast acceleration needed to enable each muon to… More

Muon beams used in high energy physics research must be cooled as quickly as the short muon lifetime requires. This cooling is accomplished by ionization cooling, which requires low-Z energy absorbers immersed in a strong magnetic field and high-gradient, large-aperture RF cavities. However, RF… More

This project will develop the magnets needed to create bright muon beams for many applications ranging from scientific accelerators and storage rings, to beams to study material properties and new sources of energy. The Helical Cooling Channel (HCC), a new technique for six-dimensional (6D) cooling… More

Physics experiments often use low-energy beams of unstable particles that stop in a target in order to provide high sensitivity to rare processes with reduced backgrounds. However, the stopping rate in the target is limited by the dynamics of the production process and by multiple scattering and… More

The high-current RF cavities needed for many accelerator applications often are limited by the power transmission capability of the pressure barriers (windows) that separate the cavity from the power source. Most efforts to improve RF window design have focused on alumina ceramic, the most popular… More

Magnets using new high temperature superconductor (HTS) materials are showing great promise for high magnetic field applications such as particle accelerators and the plasma-confinement systems for fusion reactors. However, the development and operation of these magnets is limited because… More

A superconducting RF (SRF) power coupler capable of handling 500 kW CW RF power is required for present and future storage rings and linacs. There are over 35 coupler designs for SRF cavities ranging in frequency from 325 to 1500 MHz. Coupler windows vary from cylinders to cones to disks and RF… More

Superconducting YBCO coated conductors, originally developed for high temperature operation, carry significant current even in the presence of extremely high magnetic fields, when they operate at low temperature. The successful design of the magnets needed for high energy physics applications using… More

The detection of activities related to the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction requires a capability of the automatic tracking of moving vehicles from an overhead platform. Current approaches rely on spatial-temporal characteristics coupled with moving object maps and tracking techniques. … More

Many DOE user facilities, such as synchrotron radiation light sources and free electron lasers, require accelerating structures that can support electric fields of 10-100 MV/m, especially at the start of the accelerator chain where ceramic insulators are used for very high gradient DC guns. These… More

Typically, high power sources for accelerator applications are composed of many megawatt microwave tubes that are combined together to form ultra high-power localized power stations. The RF power is then distributed to multiple strings of cavities through high power waveguide systems, which are… More

Superconducting RF (SRF) systems, used in storage ring and linac applications at DOE facilities, typically contain unwanted frequencies or higher order modes (HOM) that must be absorbed by ferrite and other lossy ceramic-like materials. These materials are brazed to substrates that are… More

Intense muon beams have many potential commercial and scientific applications, ranging from low-energy investigations of the basic properties of matter using spin resonance to large energy muon colliders. However, muons originate from a tertiary process that produces a diffuse swarm. To make useful… More

Magnets using new high temperature superconductor (HTS) materials are showing great promise for high magnetic field and/or radiation environment applications such as particle accelerators. However, the development and operation of these magnets is limited because appropriate sensors and diagnostic… More

Spallation neutron source user facilities require reliable, intense beams of protons. The technique of H- charge exchange injection into a storage ring or synchrotron has the potential to provide the needed beam currents. However, the facility operation is limited by the performance of H- ion… More

Typically, high power sources for accelerator applications are many megawatt microwave tubes that may be combined together to form ultra high-power localized power stations. The RF power is then distributed to multiple strings of cavities through high power waveguide systems, which are expensive to… More

A superconducting RF (SRF) power coupler capable of handling 500 kW CW RF power at 750 MHz is required for present and future storage rings and linacs. There are over 35 coupler designs for SRF cavities ranging in frequency from 325 to 1500 MHz. Coupler windows vary from cylinders to cones to… More

Muon beam ionization cooling is a key element in the design of next-generation low-emittance and high-luminosity muon colliders. New approaches in that cooling could greatly improve the performance and capabilities of these colliders. To obtain low-emittance muon beams, a new concept is being… More

The backgrounds from the beams in the muon collider ring impact the design of both the detector and the collider ring components, and may limit the physics attainable. These backgrounds come from electrons from muons that decay along the muon beam, synchrotron radiation and Bethe-Heitler muons… More

The development of high-energy muon collider accelerators depends on being able to reduce the muon beam emittance in all 6-dimensions. Precision timing measurements are needed to compute the 6-dimensional emittance of beams passing through muon cooling channels. Recent advances in fast timing… More

Superconducting RF (SRF) systems for accelerators typically contain unwanted frequencies or higher order modes (HOMs) that must be absorbed. Currently, ferrite or other lossy ceramic HOM absorbers and their attachments to drift tubes adjacent to SRF cavities are not robust enough, and tend to crack… More

Intense muon beams have many potential commercial and scientific applications, ranging from low-energy investigations of the basic properties of matter using spin resonance to large energy-frontier muon colliders. However, muons originate from a tertiary process that produces a diffuse swarm. To… More

The design and construction of electron-ion colliders will be facilitated by the development of an SRF

A 200 kW CW fundamental RF power coupler (FPC) with an adjustable in situ coupling factor would be highly desirable for a number of applications; for example, the 352 MHz light source at APS. The normal process of adjusting the coupling by rotational movement usually requires breaking the vacuum… More

Current and future synchrotron radiation light sources and free electron laser facilities are in need of improvements in Electron Gun Technology, especially regarding the cost and efficiency of photoinjectors. Novel electron gun features are needed to enhance the intensity and reduce the emittances… More

State of the art high intensity proton accelerators require the development of low cost, reliable RF sources with phase stability of less than 1 degree and amplitude control of +/- 15%. These power sources feed superconducting RF cavities for linacs capable of accelerating protons and ions up to… More

The development of H- ion sources with performance exceeding those achieved today is a key requirement for the next generation of high power proton accelerators. Project X at Fermilab needs a CW H- Ion Source that satisfies demanding performance specifications: 10 mA CW beam current with normalized… More

To reach high luminosity in a collider, its beam must be focused into a small-size spot at the interaction point (IP). Achieving such a small focal spot size requires expanding the beam to a rather large size at the final focusing quadrupoles. This is space consuming and leads to large chromaticity… More

Magnets in the fragment separator region of the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) facility would be subjected to extremely high radiation and heat load. Critical elements of FRIB are the dipole magnets which select the desired isotopes. Since conventional NiTi and Nb3Sn superconductors must… More

YBCO coated conductors are one of the primary options for generating the high magnetic fields needed for future high energy physics devices. Due to slow quench propagation, quench detection remains one of the primary limitations to YBCO magnets. Fiber optic sensing, based upon Rayleigh scattering,… More

The Helical Cooling Channel (HCC), a novel technique for six-dimensional (6D) ionization cooling of muon beams, has shown considerable promise based on analytic and simulation studies. However, the implementation of this revolutionary method of muon cooling requires new techniques for the… More

Muon beam ionization cooling is a key element in the design of next-generation low-emittance and high-luminosity muon colliders. New approaches in that cooling could greatly improve the performance and capabilities of these colliders. To obtain low-emittance muon beams, a new concept is being… More

S-Band vacuum loads at the SLAC linac are encountering operational problems, now that they have to operate under the stringent requirements of the LCLS: 50 MW peak power, 6 kW average power, and extremely-tight phase stability for the linac. Failure mechanisms have been studied which suggest an RF… More

Advanced beam diagnostics are essential for high performance accelerator beam production and for reliable accelerator operation. It is important to have noninvasive diagnostics which can be used continuously with intense beams of accelerated particles. Recently, an electron probe was tested to… More

The objective of lab-on-chip (LOC) is to integrate and perform multiple analytical processes on a microchip platform. So far, most LOC research has been focused on electrophoretic separations. Limited progress has been made on multi-process integration, due mainly to the lack of a robust and… More

YBCO coated conductors are one of the primary options for generating the high magnetic fields needed for future high energy physics devices. Due to slow quench propagation, quench detection remains one of the primary limitations to YBCO magnets. Fiber optic sensing, based upon Rayleigh… More

The Helical Cooling Channel (HCC), a novel technique for six-dimensional (6D) ionization cooling of muon beams, has shown considerable promise based on analytic and simulation studies. However, the implementation of this revolutionary method of muon cooling requires new techniques for the … More